In part 1 of this series, you configured your LAB for a 2 tier PKI hierarchy running on Windows Server 2016. You used PowerShell to create some virtual machines, and then installed Windows Server 2016, Windows 10 Enterprise version 1803 and optionally Smoothwall 3.1 before configuring the IP address scheme and Computer Names on the virtual machines. Finally you configured ADDS on DC01 so that you have a working Domain Controller for the rest of this LAB. In part 2 you installed and did the initial configuration on the Standalone Offline Root CA. In part 3 you prepared the HTTP Web Server for CDP and AIA Publication and you created a DNS record for the publicly available web server.
In part 4 you performed post configuration on the Standalone Offline Root CA to set certificate revocation list (CRL) period registry settings using CertUtil, and then enabled object access Auditing and finally, you configured three locations for the Authority Information Access (AIA) and four locations for the Certificate revocation list Distribution Point (CDP), again using CertUtil. In part 5 you joined the IssuingCA computer to the windowsnoob domain before creating a new CAPolicy.inf file which was customized for the Issuing CA role. Next, you published the Root CA Certificate and CRL (both to Active Directory and the HTTP web server) and you installed the Enterprise Issuing CA before submitting a request to the StandAlone Offline Root CA. Next you installed the Issuing CA Certificate using the response files from the StandAlone Offline Root CA on the removable media.
In part 6, you performed post installation and configuration of the IssuingCA server by configuring Certificate Revocation and CA Certificate Validity Periods, you then enabled auditing on the CA server, and configured the AIA and CDP. In part 7 you installed and configured the OCSP responder role service on the web server. Now you will configure Auto Enrollment and Verify PKI health.
Step 1.Configure a GPO for Auto Enrollment
Logon to to the Domain Controller (DC01) as windowsnoob\Administrator. Click Start, click Run, and then type gpmc.msc and press enter. Expand Forest, expand Domains, expand windowsnoob.lab.local, and then expand Group Policy Objects. Right click Default Domain Policy, then click Edit. Under Computer Configuration, expand Policies, expand Windows Settings, expand Security Settings, and then expand Public Key Policies. Select Certificate Services Client - Auto-Enrollment, right click and choose Properties. Change it from Not Configured to Enabled and enable the following 2 options.
Renew expired certificates, update pending certificates, and remove revoked certificates
Update certificate that use certificate templates
As shown here.
Click Apply when done, and close the Group Policy Management Editor and then close the Group Policy Management Console.
Step 2. Configure AutoEnrollment for Workstation Authentication on the Issuing CA
Ensure that you are logged on as windowsnoob\EntAdmin on the Issuing CA server (IssuingCA), start the Certification Authority console by entering certsrv.msc, ensure that windowsnoob Issuing CA is expanded. Right-click on Certificate Templates, then select Manage.
In the Certificate Templates that appear, select Workstation Authentication.
Right click it, and select Properties, click on the Security tab, select Domain Computers and ensure that AutoEnroll is selected, click Apply.
Step 3. Join the Windows 10 computer to the domain
Logon to Windows 10 version 1803 computer (Win101803) as Administrator, and copy the JoinDomain.ps1 script below to a folder called C:\Scripts. Open the script in PowerShell ISE as Administrator, then run Set-ExecutionPolicy to unrestricted before running the JoinDomain.ps1 PowerShell script by clicking on the Green Arrow in Windows PowerShell ISE.
Note: The computer will reboot by itself after joining the windowsnoob.lab.local domain.
Step 4. Check PKI Health with Enterprise PKI
To use the Enterprise PKI console to check PKI health, on the IssuingCA server, ensure that you are logged on as windowsnoob\entadmin. Run PKIView.msc from an administrative command prompt.
Right click Enterprise PKI and then click Manage AD Containers. On the NTAuthCertificates tab, verify the windows noob Issuing CA certificate appears with a status of OK as shown below:
On the AIA Container tab, verify both the windows noob Root CA and the windows noob Issuing CA certificates are present with a status of OK.
On the CDP Container tab, verify that the windows noob Issuing CA has both Delta CRL and Base CRL, and that the windows noob Root CA has a Base CRL present and with a status of OK.
On the Certification Authorities Container, verify that the windows noob Root CA certificate is present and with a status of OK.
and finally on the Enrollment Services Container tab, verify that the windows noob Issuing CA certificate is present with a status of OK.
Step 5. Configure Certificate Distribution on the Issuing CA
To publish a certificate for computers in the enterprise do as follows. Logon to the IssuingCA computer as windowsnoob\EntAdmin. In the Certification Authority console (certsrv.msc), ensure that windows noob Issuing CA is expanded. Right-click Certificate Templates, select New and select Certificate Template to Issue.
On the Enable Certificate Templates dialog box, select Workstation Authentication and then click OK.
Step 6. verify certificate autoenrollment on the Windows 10 client
To verify that autoenrollment of certificates on the Windows 10 compute do as follows. Log on to win101803.windowsnoob.lab.local as windowsnoob\Administrator. (Ensure that you switch user to log on as windowsnoob\Administrator)
Click Start, type mmc and then press ENTER. Click File, and then click Add/Remove Snap-in. Click Certificates, then click Add, Select Computer Account, and then click Finish. Click OK.
Expand Personal and select Certificates, if you do not see Certificates, in an Administrative Command prompt issue the following command
gpupdate /force
then refresh the view in the Certificates MMC. You should now see a Certificates folder and a certificate listed. This certificate was issued using AutoEnrollment which was configured above.
Step 7. Verify PKI health on the issued certificate
While logged on to W101803.windowsnoob.local.local as windowsnoob\Administrator, In the certificates console tree, expand Personal, click Certificates. In the details pane, right click the W101803.windowsnoob.lab.local certificate, click All Tasks, and then click Export.
the Welcome to the certificate export wizard appears, click Next.
Click Next at the No do not export the private key screen
On the Export File Format page, click Next. [DER encoded binary X.509 (.CER) is the default selection].
in the File to Export, call it C:\Windows10
at the completing the certificate export wizard screen click Finish.
you should be notified of the success of the export.
Open an administrative command prompt and run the following commands:
cd\
then
certutil -URL C:\Windows10.cer
The URL retrieval tool should appear.
In the URL Retrieval Tool, select the OCSP (from AIA) option and then click Retrieve. Confirm that it shows status as Verified.
In the URL Retrieval Tool, select the CRLs (from CDP) option and then click Retrieve. Confirm that it shows status as Verified.
In the URL Retrieval Tool, select the Certs (from AIA) option and then click Retrieve. Confirm that it shows status as Verified.
Click Exit to close URL Retrieval Tool. From the administrative command prompt run following command to thoroughly verify the certificate chain retrieval and revocation status.
certutil -verify -urlfetch C:\Windows10.cer
you'll see a lot of output similar to the following
Review the output and make sure all the chain retrieval and revocation status are successfully verified.
Job done !
That's it for this mini-series about setting up PKI in a lab, thanks for joining me, I hope you completed everything successfully and have a better understanding of how PKI works and how to set it up in a lab.
Next steps
If you'd like to see how SCCM works with HTTPS, see below:-
How can I configure System Center Configuration Manager in HTTPS mode (PKI) - Part 1
How can I configure System Center Configuration Manager in HTTPS mode (PKI) - Part 2
This series is comprised of different parts, listed below.
In part 1 of this series, you configured your LAB for a 2 tier PKI hierarchy running on Windows Server 2016. You used PowerShell to create some virtual machines, and then installed Windows Server 2016, Windows 10 Enterprise version 1803 and optionally Smoothwall 3.1 before configuring the IP address scheme and Computer Names on the virtual machines. Finally you configured ADDS on DC01 so that you have a working Domain Controller for the rest of this LAB. In part 2 you installed and did the initial configuration on the Standalone Offline Root CA. In part 3 you prepared the HTTP Web Server for CDP and AIA Publication and you created a DNS record for the publicly available web server.
In part 4 you performed post configuration on the Standalone Offline Root CA to set certificate revocation list (CRL) period registry settings using CertUtil, and then enabled object access Auditing and finally, you configured three locations for the Authority Information Access (AIA) and four locations for the Certificate revocation list Distribution Point (CDP), again using CertUtil. In part 5 you joined the IssuingCA computer to the windowsnoob domain before creating a new CAPolicy.inf file which was customized for the Issuing CA role. Next, you published the Root CA Certificate and CRL (both to Active Directory and the HTTP web server) and you installed the Enterprise Issuing CA before submitting a request to the StandAlone Offline Root CA. Next you installed the Issuing CA Certificate using the response files from the StandAlone Offline Root CA on the removable media.
In part 6, you performed post installation and configuration of the IssuingCA server by configuring Certificate Revocation and CA Certificate Validity Periods, you then enabled auditing on the CA server, and configured the AIA and CDP. In part 7 you installed and configured the OCSP responder role service on the web server. Now you will configure Auto Enrollment and Verify PKI health.
Step 1.Configure a GPO for Auto Enrollment
Logon to to the Domain Controller (DC01) as windowsnoob\Administrator. Click Start, click Run, and then type gpmc.msc and press enter. Expand Forest, expand Domains, expand windowsnoob.lab.local, and then expand Group Policy Objects. Right click Default Domain Policy, then click Edit. Under Computer Configuration, expand Policies, expand Windows Settings, expand Security Settings, and then expand Public Key Policies. Select Certificate Services Client - Auto-Enrollment, right click and choose Properties. Change it from Not Configured to Enabled and enable the following 2 options.
As shown here.
Click Apply when done, and close the Group Policy Management Editor and then close the Group Policy Management Console.
Step 2. Configure AutoEnrollment for Workstation Authentication on the Issuing CA
Ensure that you are logged on as windowsnoob\EntAdmin on the Issuing CA server (IssuingCA), start the Certification Authority console by entering certsrv.msc, ensure that windowsnoob Issuing CA is expanded. Right-click on Certificate Templates, then select Manage.
In the Certificate Templates that appear, select Workstation Authentication.
Right click it, and select Properties, click on the Security tab, select Domain Computers and ensure that AutoEnroll is selected, click Apply.
Step 3. Join the Windows 10 computer to the domain
Logon to Windows 10 version 1803 computer (Win101803) as Administrator, and copy the JoinDomain.ps1 script below to a folder called C:\Scripts. Open the script in PowerShell ISE as Administrator, then run Set-ExecutionPolicy to unrestricted before running the JoinDomain.ps1 PowerShell script by clicking on the Green Arrow in Windows PowerShell ISE.
JoinDomain.ps1
Note: The computer will reboot by itself after joining the windowsnoob.lab.local domain.
Step 4. Check PKI Health with Enterprise PKI
To use the Enterprise PKI console to check PKI health, on the IssuingCA server, ensure that you are logged on as windowsnoob\entadmin. Run PKIView.msc from an administrative command prompt.
Right click Enterprise PKI and then click Manage AD Containers. On the NTAuthCertificates tab, verify the windows noob Issuing CA certificate appears with a status of OK as shown below:
On the AIA Container tab, verify both the windows noob Root CA and the windows noob Issuing CA certificates are present with a status of OK.
On the CDP Container tab, verify that the windows noob Issuing CA has both Delta CRL and Base CRL, and that the windows noob Root CA has a Base CRL present and with a status of OK.
On the Certification Authorities Container, verify that the windows noob Root CA certificate is present and with a status of OK.
and finally on the Enrollment Services Container tab, verify that the windows noob Issuing CA certificate is present with a status of OK.
Step 5. Configure Certificate Distribution on the Issuing CA
To publish a certificate for computers in the enterprise do as follows. Logon to the IssuingCA computer as windowsnoob\EntAdmin. In the Certification Authority console (certsrv.msc), ensure that windows noob Issuing CA is expanded. Right-click Certificate Templates, select New and select Certificate Template to Issue.
On the Enable Certificate Templates dialog box, select Workstation Authentication and then click OK.
Step 6. verify certificate autoenrollment on the Windows 10 client
To verify that autoenrollment of certificates on the Windows 10 compute do as follows. Log on to win101803.windowsnoob.lab.local as windowsnoob\Administrator. (Ensure that you switch user to log on as windowsnoob\Administrator)
Click Start, type mmc and then press ENTER. Click File, and then click Add/Remove Snap-in. Click Certificates, then click Add, Select Computer Account, and then click Finish. Click OK.
Expand Personal and select Certificates, if you do not see Certificates, in an Administrative Command prompt issue the following command
gpupdate /forcethen refresh the view in the Certificates MMC. You should now see a Certificates folder and a certificate listed. This certificate was issued using AutoEnrollment which was configured above.
Step 7. Verify PKI health on the issued certificate
While logged on to W101803.windowsnoob.local.local as windowsnoob\Administrator, In the certificates console tree, expand Personal, click Certificates. In the details pane, right click the W101803.windowsnoob.lab.local certificate, click All Tasks, and then click Export.
the Welcome to the certificate export wizard appears, click Next.
Click Next at the No do not export the private key screen
On the Export File Format page, click Next. [DER encoded binary X.509 (.CER) is the default selection].
in the File to Export, call it C:\Windows10
at the completing the certificate export wizard screen click Finish.
you should be notified of the success of the export.
Open an administrative command prompt and run the following commands:
cd\then
certutil -URL C:\Windows10.cerThe URL retrieval tool should appear.
In the URL Retrieval Tool, select the OCSP (from AIA) option and then click Retrieve. Confirm that it shows status as Verified.
In the URL Retrieval Tool, select the CRLs (from CDP) option and then click Retrieve. Confirm that it shows status as Verified.
Click Exit to close URL Retrieval Tool. From the administrative command prompt run following command to thoroughly verify the certificate chain retrieval and revocation status.
certutil -verify -urlfetch C:\Windows10.ceryou'll see a lot of output similar to the following
PS C:\> certutil -verify -urlfetch C:\Windows10.cer Issuer: CN=windows noob Issuing CA DC=windowsnoob DC=lab DC=local Name Hash(sha1): b500ca9b33a216fcc44492f25bb6e6b8bd6a5a78 Name Hash(md5): b0c8a9c15f77c9e2b7af24718ab3f3ec Subject: EMPTY (DNS Name=W101803.windowsnoob.lab.local) Name Hash(sha1): f944dcd635f9801f7ac90a407fbc479964dec024 Name Hash(md5): a46c3b54f2c9871cd81daf7a932499c0 Cert Serial Number: 1e000000057a5838e2727d5162000000000005 dwFlags = CA_VERIFY_FLAGS_CONSOLE_TRACE (0x20000000) dwFlags = CA_VERIFY_FLAGS_DUMP_CHAIN (0x40000000) ChainFlags = CERT_CHAIN_REVOCATION_CHECK_CHAIN_EXCLUDE_ROOT (0x40000000) HCCE_LOCAL_MACHINE CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_BASE -------- CERT_CHAIN_CONTEXT -------- ChainContext.dwInfoStatus = CERT_TRUST_HAS_PREFERRED_ISSUER (0x100) ChainContext.dwRevocationFreshnessTime: 3 Weeks, 1 Hours, 35 Minutes, 37 Seconds SimpleChain.dwInfoStatus = CERT_TRUST_HAS_PREFERRED_ISSUER (0x100) SimpleChain.dwRevocationFreshnessTime: 3 Weeks, 1 Hours, 35 Minutes, 37 Seconds CertContext[0][0]: dwInfoStatus=102 dwErrorStatus=0 Issuer: CN=windows noob Issuing CA, DC=windowsnoob, DC=lab, DC=local NotBefore: 7/6/2018 4:04 AM NotAfter: 7/6/2019 4:04 AM Subject: Serial: 1e000000057a5838e2727d5162000000000005 SubjectAltName: DNS Name=W101803.windowsnoob.lab.local Template: Workstation Authentication Cert: 9eae120ea27c064e609df51cacda77e286a223d6 Element.dwInfoStatus = CERT_TRUST_HAS_KEY_MATCH_ISSUER (0x2) Element.dwInfoStatus = CERT_TRUST_HAS_PREFERRED_ISSUER (0x100) ---------------- Certificate AIA ---------------- Verified "Certificate (0)" Time: 0 33daad0a6923fdbd02300d703264d13d70eedf42 [0.0] ldap:///CN=windows%20noob%20Issuing%20CA,CN=AIA,CN=Public%20Key%20Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=windowsnoob,DC=lab,DC=local?cACertificate?base?objectClass=certificationAuthority Verified "Certificate (0)" Time: 0 33daad0a6923fdbd02300d703264d13d70eedf42 [1.0] http://pki.windows-noob.com/CertEnroll/IssuingCA.windowsnoob.lab.local_windows%20noob%20Issuing%20CA.crt ---------------- Certificate CDP ---------------- Verified "Base CRL (05)" Time: 0 7cf12cea65a271e322dcd148dafca9890381d68c [0.0] ldap:///CN=windows%20noob%20Issuing%20CA,CN=IssuingCA,CN=CDP,CN=Public%20Key%20Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=windowsnoob,DC=lab,DC=local?certificateRevocationList?base?objectClass=cRLDistributionPoint Verified "Delta CRL (05)" Time: 0 b27c6e817abccb07e6d18c37c808013cc1377c1d [0.0.0] ldap:///CN=windows%20noob%20Issuing%20CA,CN=IssuingCA,CN=CDP,CN=Public%20Key%20Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=windowsnoob,DC=lab,DC=local?deltaRevocationList?base?objectClass=cRLDistributionPoint Verified "Delta CRL (05)" Time: 0 b27c6e817abccb07e6d18c37c808013cc1377c1d [0.0.1] http://pki.windows-noob.com/CertEnroll/windows%20noob%20Issuing%20CA+.crl Verified "Base CRL (05)" Time: 0 7cf12cea65a271e322dcd148dafca9890381d68c [1.0] http://pki.windows-noob.com/CertEnroll/windows%20noob%20Issuing%20CA.crl Verified "Delta CRL (05)" Time: 0 b27c6e817abccb07e6d18c37c808013cc1377c1d [1.0.0] ldap:///CN=windows%20noob%20Issuing%20CA,CN=IssuingCA,CN=CDP,CN=Public%20Key%20Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=windowsnoob,DC=lab,DC=local?deltaRevocationList?base?objectClass=cRLDistributionPoint Verified "Delta CRL (05)" Time: 0 b27c6e817abccb07e6d18c37c808013cc1377c1d [1.0.1] http://pki.windows-noob.com/CertEnroll/windows%20noob%20Issuing%20CA+.crl ---------------- Base CRL CDP ---------------- OK "Delta CRL (07)" Time: 0 b27c6e817abccb07e6d18c37c808013cc1377c1d [0.0] ldap:///CN=windows%20noob%20Issuing%20CA,CN=IssuingCA,CN=CDP,CN=Public%20Key%20Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=windowsnoob,DC=lab,DC=local?deltaRevocationList?base?objectClass=cRLDistributionPoint OK "Delta CRL (07)" Time: 0 b27c6e817abccb07e6d18c37c808013cc1377c1d [1.0] http://pki.windows-noob.com/CertEnroll/windows%20noob%20Issuing%20CA+.crl ---------------- Certificate OCSP ---------------- Verified "OCSP" Time: 0 f7d32928b44de5b419a11bac19cc56fad7d4f9ee [0.0] http://webserver.windowsnoob.lab.local/ocsp -------------------------------- CRL 05: Issuer: CN=windows noob Issuing CA, DC=windowsnoob, DC=lab, DC=local ThisUpdate: 7/3/2018 7:02 AM NextUpdate: 7/10/2018 7:22 PM CRL: 7cf12cea65a271e322dcd148dafca9890381d68c Delta CRL 07: Issuer: CN=windows noob Issuing CA, DC=windowsnoob, DC=lab, DC=local ThisUpdate: 7/5/2018 7:02 AM NextUpdate: 7/6/2018 7:22 PM CRL: b27c6e817abccb07e6d18c37c808013cc1377c1d Application[0] = 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2 Client Authentication CertContext[0][1]: dwInfoStatus=102 dwErrorStatus=0 Issuer: CN=windows noob Root CA NotBefore: 6/19/2018 4:34 AM NotAfter: 6/19/2028 4:44 AM Subject: CN=windows noob Issuing CA, DC=windowsnoob, DC=lab, DC=local Serial: 5600000002ff2362e624faf00a000000000002 Template: SubCA Cert: 33daad0a6923fdbd02300d703264d13d70eedf42 Element.dwInfoStatus = CERT_TRUST_HAS_KEY_MATCH_ISSUER (0x2) Element.dwInfoStatus = CERT_TRUST_HAS_PREFERRED_ISSUER (0x100) ---------------- Certificate AIA ---------------- Verified "Certificate (0)" Time: 0 1c2e0479a69623ffddcec692d01af64996b2b6e9 [0.0] ldap:///CN=windows%20noob%20Root%20CA,CN=AIA,CN=Public%20Key%20Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=windowsnoob,DC=lab,DC=local?cACertificate?base?objectClass=certificationAuthority Verified "Certificate (0)" Time: 0 1c2e0479a69623ffddcec692d01af64996b2b6e9 [1.0] http://pki.windows-noob.com/CertEnroll/ROOTCA_windows%20noob%20Root%20CA.crt ---------------- Certificate CDP ---------------- Verified "Base CRL (02)" Time: 0 22cafd2ae550e12401696bac4a424652050c55a2 [0.0] ldap:///CN=windows%20noob%20Root%20CA,CN=ROOTCA,CN=CDP,CN=Public%20Key%20Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=windowsnoob,DC=lab,DC=local?certificateRevocationList?base?objectClass=cRLDistributionPoint Verified "Base CRL (02)" Time: 0 22cafd2ae550e12401696bac4a424652050c55a2 [1.0] http://pki.windows-noob.com/CertEnroll/windows%20noob%20Root%20CA.crl ---------------- Base CRL CDP ---------------- No URLs "None" Time: 0 (null) ---------------- Certificate OCSP ---------------- No URLs "None" Time: 0 (null) -------------------------------- CRL 02: Issuer: CN=windows noob Root CA ThisUpdate: 6/15/2018 3:12 AM NextUpdate: 6/14/2019 3:32 PM CRL: 22cafd2ae550e12401696bac4a424652050c55a2 CertContext[0][2]: dwInfoStatus=10c dwErrorStatus=0 Issuer: CN=windows noob Root CA NotBefore: 6/14/2018 11:03 AM NotAfter: 6/14/2038 11:13 AM Subject: CN=windows noob Root CA Serial: 3d0d623b5abd19b34640212c87d45269 Cert: 1c2e0479a69623ffddcec692d01af64996b2b6e9 Element.dwInfoStatus = CERT_TRUST_HAS_NAME_MATCH_ISSUER (0x4) Element.dwInfoStatus = CERT_TRUST_IS_SELF_SIGNED (0x8) Element.dwInfoStatus = CERT_TRUST_HAS_PREFERRED_ISSUER (0x100) ---------------- Certificate AIA ---------------- No URLs "None" Time: 0 (null) ---------------- Certificate CDP ---------------- No URLs "None" Time: 0 (null) ---------------- Certificate OCSP ---------------- No URLs "None" Time: 0 (null) -------------------------------- Exclude leaf cert: Chain: d5f425d64a9d41434507a599da1260fdced44873 Full chain: Chain: 0c69840fda437706dd390c3d120ab496038c2564 ------------------------------------ Verified Issuance Policies: None Verified Application Policies: 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2 Client Authentication Leaf certificate revocation check passed CertUtil: -verify command completed successfully. PS C:\>Review the output and make sure all the chain retrieval and revocation status are successfully verified.
Job done !
That's it for this mini-series about setting up PKI in a lab, thanks for joining me, I hope you completed everything successfully and have a better understanding of how PKI works and how to set it up in a lab.
Next steps
If you'd like to see how SCCM works with HTTPS, see below:-
cheers
niall.
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